The Tennessee Cache Box Project

Micah Beck, Joe Kirby, Terry Moore, Donia Nance, Melissa Wauford 
University of Tennessee, Knoxville 

The principal goal of the Tennessee Cache Box project is to dramatically improve the quality of Web access for our partner schools and libraries which have very limited connections to the Internet. The project will utilize a powerful but easy to manage system which automatically delivers the Web content of most interest to these organizations and stores it on an inexpensive device (called the Tennessee Cache Box) attached to their local area network. Successful completion of the project will result in the rapid dissemination of a technology which would significantly enhance the value of the web for underserved community organizations across the country.

Project Problem Statement. For many people in our community the distance between the promised value of the Internet, as an infrastructure for education and public benefit, and its actual value is still wide and shows no signs of narrowing soon. Schools, libraries, and other community service providers in our region want and need to use the Internet to deliver multimedia and interactive content to the people they serve, but they cannot afford more than a rudimentary connection. Even organizations that are able to make higher recurring expenditures for connection charges are increasingly hampered by congestion on the Internet backbone and overloaded servers at the sites they want to reach. To ask fifth graders to repeatedly wait more than 20 or 30 seconds while the pages they want load across the network is unrealistic, and unfortunately much of the most effective educational content makes the heavy use of multimedia (e.g. video, audio, etc.) and interactive programming (e.g. using Java), which exacerbates the situation.

Our schools, libraries, and community service organizations are spending significant resources on building up their internal networks in the expectation that this will enable them to easily spread the benefits of Internet connectivity to the people they serve. But as the factors above show, this expectation is likely to be frustrated for some time to come. The problem is that affordable recurring costs for external network connectivity will not buy enough bandwidth to provide the immediacy, interactivity, or media richness that people have come demand. The educational value of the Internet will remain an unfulfilled dream for the many people in our region, and in many similar areas around the country, until this problem is addressed.

Project Solution to the Problem. The solution we propose is to provide our partner organizations with a service which automatically delivers the Web content of most interest to them and stores it on a device attached to their local area network. Once this content is stored locally, multimedia rich web sites become accessible at faster local area network speeds, and this happens without in any way changing the underlying Web paradigm. Our service has two components, one technical, and the other organizational. The technical component of our solution centers around the Tennessee Cache Box (TnCB), a special purpose, low cost computer system that is optimized to implement our strategy of maximizing the use of limited connectivity through the intelligent use of local storage. The organizational component consists of an ongoing collaboration on the part of UTK's colleges and library to build a new kind of content which is geared to the needs of our community partners and which draws together in a dynamic way the best educational and information content on the Internet. Measurable Outcomes of the Project. The initial beneficiaries of this project will be 4,200 school children in rural and underserved Tennessee counties who will see the Internet come alive with all the multimedia richness and interactivity that only university communities and major corporations experience today. The success of the project will be measurable in both purely technical terms (e.g. as revealed increasing number of large, multimedia files recorded in the TnCB logs) and through the record of teacher involvement and student response that the ongoing use of the TnCB system will produce. Based on initial partner reponses to this project, we expect other schools and school systems to request TnCB's during the period of the grant. Given the power and the limitless scalability of this inexpensive and flexible Cache Box technology, we believe that this project will act as a proof of concept that could launch a complete redesign of the educational use of the Web.

Technical approach. The Tennessee Cache Box is a hardware/software system designed to implement an organization level platform for the storing and sharing of Web content. It builds on a familiar and well-known technique for addressing the problems of Web-site overload and network congestion, viz. "caching." Sizes of shared or network caches vary, but the minimum size of a TnCB cache is 10 Gigabytes. Dynamic caching by itself is inadequate in situations when the first download of a file from the Internet is prohibitively slow, or when browsing patterns at frequently visited sites are not repetitive. In these cases it is useful to retrieve an entire web site in advance ("pre-fetch" or "pre-load" the site) and store it in the cache. The TnCB has the capability of setting aside a portion of its disk to be "statically managed," i.e. not effected by the browsing activity of individual users but periodically reloaded or refreshed according to a certain policy. For instance, the entire content of selected NASA sites could be loaded into the cache overnight and be immediately available for rapid access of students the next day. The use of a policy-based or "static" cache takes advantage of predictable patterns of web use in order to provide rapid access to highly desirable or very slow loading sites. It takes advantage of the fact that the network can always be moving the material people want near to hand without anyone having to browse for it. A well-stocked static cache can even support profitable browsing when the actual connection to the Internet is not available (i.e. off-line).

Dedicated Caching Hardware. The final step taken by the TnCB is to deliver all of this valuable caching software in a low cost, industry standard hardware system that is configured to provide turnkey service. TnCB's are designed for very easy set-up and administration: unbox it, plug it into the wall socket, plug it into the network, type in a couple of IP addresses, and it starts caching. Further administration duties are handled remotely over the network, so that personnel at a given site need no longer administer a TnCB once it is set up. The TnCB provides high volume caching functionality to our partners in a plug-and-play manner.

Community Involvement Partnerships. Two school districts are directly involved as partners in our project, providing both input in the identification of the problem and a commitment resources to the implementation of the projects TnCB soloution:
a) The Scott County, Tennessee Board of Education serves approximately 3,000 students who live in a rural Appalachian setting.
b) The Oneida, Tennessee Special School District enrolls approximately 1,200 students in a rural Appalachian town of approximately 5000.